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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Fruit Volatile Analysis Using an Electronic Nose
Published on: March 30, 2012
Investigating the Effects of Distillation System, Geographical Origin, and Aging Time on Aroma Characteristics in
Ruiqi Hu1,2, Changqing Duan1,2, Yibin Lan1,2
1Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
Abstract:
In this study, the influence of the distillation system, geographical origin, and aging time on the volatiles of brandy was investigated. An untargeted metabolomics approach was used to classify the volatile profiles of brandies based on the presence of different distillation systems and geographical origins. Through the predictive ability of PLS-DA models, it was found that higher alcohols, C13-norisopenoids, and furans could serve as key markers to discriminate between continuous stills and pot stills, and the contents of C6/C9 compounds, C13-norisoprenoids, and sesquiterpenoids were significantly affected by brandy origin. A network analysis illustrated that straight-chain fatty acid ethyl esters gradually accumulated during aging, and several higher alcohols, furfural, 5-methylfurfural, 4-ethylphenol, TDN, β-damascenone, naphthalene, styrene, and decanal were also positively correlated with aging time. This study provides effective methods for distinguishing brandies collected from different distillation systems and geographical origins and summarizes an overview of the changes in volatile compounds during the aging process.
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