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Culture and Awe: Understanding Awe as a Mixed Emotion.

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Awe is often seen as positive, but can be fearful. This study found awe experiences include more fear in China than in the US, suggesting cultural differences in this emotion.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cross-cultural psychology
  • Emotion research

Background:

  • Awe is increasingly recognized as a significant positive emotion with health benefits.
  • However, historical and theoretical perspectives suggest awe can also involve fear.
  • Current research predominantly samples Western participants, potentially skewing understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cultural variations in the experience of awe, specifically comparing China and the United States.
  • To determine if awe is experienced with more fear outside of Western cultural contexts.
  • To reconcile positive and fearful elements within the emotion of awe across cultures.

Main Methods:

  • A two-week daily diary study comparing awe experiences in Chinese and American participants.
  • A standardized awe induction procedure followed by self-report measures.
  • Physiological data collection, including heart rate, skin conductance, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia.

Main Results:

  • Chinese participants reported significantly more fear during awe experiences than American participants.
  • Awe induction led to greater self-reported fear in Chinese participants and more positive emotions in Americans.
  • Physiological responses showed cultural differences in heart rate but not in skin conductance or respiratory sinus arrhythmia.

Conclusions:

  • Awe may be experienced as a more fearful, mixed emotion in China compared to the United States.
  • The predominantly positive conceptualization of awe may stem from an overreliance on Western samples.
  • Cultural context significantly influences the emotional and physiological experience of awe.