INVESTIGATING THE CORRELATIONS BETWEEN SUBSTANCE P, ANTIOXIDANT LEVELS, AND METABOLIC MARKERS IN NON-OBESE TYPE 2...

Hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in type 2 diabetes result in complications exacerbated by oxidative stress, leading to cardiovascular, nephropathic, neuropathic, and retinopathic problems. Substance P(SP), a natural neuropeptide, inhibits cell death and enhances cell growth during oxidative or inflammatory stress, suggesting a potential role in reducing diabetic complications. Objective -investigate serum levels of SP, total antioxidant status (TAS), glycemic measures, and lipid profiles in non-obese type 2 diabetic patients and evaluate the relationships involving these biomarkers.

A case-control study involved 85 adult subjects (46males & 39females), aged (30-60) year, included two groups; diabetic group:53(males & females) non-obese type 2 diabetic patients, healthy group: Apparently healthy subjects of 32 individuals chosen from the general population and matched with patients age, sex and BMI.

The results showed that patients' glucose levels increased as percentage increase of (˃141%),mild elevated insulin levels (˃50%), higher insulin resistance (˃250%), the lipid parameters exhibited disruption in comparison to the control group, in diabetic group, the serum levels of TAS, SP decreased considerably in comparison to the control group.

As evidenced by the outcomes; the TAS showed significant negative correlations with fasting serum glucose and low-density lipoprotein, and positive correlations with high-density lipoprotein. Neither the glycemic indices nor the lipid profiles or TAS demonstrated any notable associations with SP levels. This suggests that while SP levels are reduced in type 2 diabetes, they do not appear to be directly linked with the measured biomarkers.