Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

24.3K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.3K
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

823
IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
823
Mass Spectrum01:23

Mass Spectrum

1.8K
A mass spectrum is the graphical representation of the relative abundance of the charged fragments in an analyte plotted against their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The plot's x axis represents the ratio of the mass of the charged fragment to the elementary charge it carries. The y axis of the plot represents the relative abundance of each charged species. The relative abundance is calculated from the signal intensity of each charged species recorded at the detector. The most intense signal...
1.8K
Threats to Biodiversity01:50

Threats to Biodiversity

22.2K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
22.2K
The Sulfur Cycle01:22

The Sulfur Cycle

43.9K
Sulfur, an important element in the chemical makeup of proteins, is recycled through the atmosphere and aquatic and terrestrial environments. Found in the atmosphere as sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur is released by decaying organisms, weathered rocks, geothermal vents, volcanos, and burning fossil fuels. It is deposited into the ecosystem, cycled through the biotic community, and either released back into the atmosphere as gas or deposited in marine sediment for long-term storage and eventual...
43.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Radical-omics reveals the hydrogen-abstraction pathway of isoprene oxidation.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

The emergence of human influence on the ozone layer by the 1960s.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Integrating indirect greenhouse gases into climate frameworks.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Detectable global temperature responses to wildfires and volcanic eruptions.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

The climate opportunities and risks of contrail avoidance.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

The two faces of tropospheric ozone: a harmful yet essential constituent.

National science review·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2025

Measurement of Aerosols Optical Thickness of the Atmosphere using the GLOBE Handheld Sun Photometer
06:27

Measurement of Aerosols Optical Thickness of the Atmosphere using the GLOBE Handheld Sun Photometer

Published on: May 29, 2019

7.9K

Anthropogenic Fingerprint Detectable in Upper Tropospheric Ozone Trends Retrieved from Satellite.

Xinyuan Yu1, Arlene M Fiore1, Benjamin D Santer2,3

  • 1Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.

Environmental Science & Technology
|August 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Human activities are causing a detectable increase in upper tropospheric ozone, a potent greenhouse gas. This "fingerprint" is distinct from natural climate variations and detectable in satellite data.

Keywords:
atmospheric compositionchemistry-climate modelingclimate changeclimate variabilitydetection and attribution

More Related Videos

Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine in Atmospheric Environments via a High-performance Liquid Chromatography-electrochemical Detector System
07:32

Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine in Atmospheric Environments via a High-performance Liquid Chromatography-electrochemical Detector System

Published on: January 30, 2019

7.4K
Early Detection of Cyanobacterial Blooms and Associated Cyanotoxins using Fast Detection Strategy
07:13

Early Detection of Cyanobacterial Blooms and Associated Cyanotoxins using Fast Detection Strategy

Published on: February 25, 2021

3.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2025

Measurement of Aerosols Optical Thickness of the Atmosphere using the GLOBE Handheld Sun Photometer
06:27

Measurement of Aerosols Optical Thickness of the Atmosphere using the GLOBE Handheld Sun Photometer

Published on: May 29, 2019

7.9K
Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine in Atmospheric Environments via a High-performance Liquid Chromatography-electrochemical Detector System
07:32

Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine in Atmospheric Environments via a High-performance Liquid Chromatography-electrochemical Detector System

Published on: January 30, 2019

7.4K
Early Detection of Cyanobacterial Blooms and Associated Cyanotoxins using Fast Detection Strategy
07:13

Early Detection of Cyanobacterial Blooms and Associated Cyanotoxins using Fast Detection Strategy

Published on: February 25, 2021

3.8K

Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Climate Science
  • Greenhouse Gas Research

Background:

  • Upper tropospheric ozone (O3) is a significant greenhouse gas with observed increases.
  • Attributing these O3 changes is challenging due to natural climate variability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To distinguish the human-caused
  • fingerprint
  • of upper tropospheric ozone changes from internal climate variability.
  • To assess the detectability of this fingerprint in observational records.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 16-member ensemble from the CESM2-WACCM6 chemistry-climate model to derive the O3 fingerprint.
  • Analyzed the OMI/MLS satellite record starting from 2005.
  • Compared the anthropogenic fingerprint with noise patterns associated with ENSO.

Main Results:

  • The anthropogenic fingerprint of upper tropospheric ozone changes is time-invariant and strongest between 30°S and 40°N.
  • Internal climate variability, primarily driven by ENSO, creates noise patterns in upper tropospheric ozone.
  • The human-caused O3 fingerprint is detectable with high confidence within 13 years of the OMI/MLS record.
  • Lower tropospheric ozone fingerprints show greater spatial and temporal variability linked to precursor emissions.

Conclusions:

  • A significant human impact on Earth's atmospheric chemistry in the upper troposphere is confirmed.
  • The study demonstrates the potential for identifying specific sources of ozone precursors through fingerprint analysis.