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A Step Toward Precision Audiology: Individual Differences and Characteristic Profiles From Auditory Perceptual and
Dana Cherri1, David A Eddins1, Erol J Ozmeral1
1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Trends in Hearing
|August 5, 2024
Summary
Older adults, even with normal hearing, experience varied listening challenges. This study identified distinct auditory and cognitive profiles in older adults with normal hearing and hearing loss, highlighting the need for personalized interventions.
Area of Science:
- Audiology
- Gerontology
- Cognitive Neuroscience
Background:
- Older adults face difficulties understanding speech in noisy environments.
- Current diagnostics often rely on pure tone thresholds, which don't capture full auditory and cognitive capabilities.
- Individual differences in auditory perception and cognition are significant in aging populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate suprathreshold auditory perceptual and cognitive variability in older adults.
- To develop characteristic profiles for older adults with normal hearing (ONH) and hearing loss (OHL).
- To inform the development of targeted interventions beyond standard hearing tests.
Main Methods:
- Utilized portable automated rapid testing on an abbreviated battery of auditory and cognitive tests.
- Employed cluster analysis to identify distinct profiles within ONH and OHL groups (n=20 each).
- Performed analysis of variance and correlation analyses to compare profiles and relationships between abilities.
Main Results:
- Three distinct profiles emerged for both ONH and OHL groups, revealing heterogeneity in auditory and cognitive skills.
- ONH profiles differed in spatial release from masking, speech-in-babble, cognition, tone-in-noise, and binaural temporal processing.
- OHL profiles varied in spatial release from masking, speech-in-babble, cognition, and noise tolerance.
- Significant correlations were found between auditory and cognitive abilities in both groups.
Conclusions:
- Auditory and cognitive deficits exist to varying degrees in older adults, irrespective of audiometric thresholds.
- Standard hearing assessments may not fully capture an individual's listening challenges.
- Personalized diagnostic approaches are crucial for effective intervention in older adults with hearing difficulties.
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