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Other Immunomodulatory Treatment for Cytokine Storm Syndromes

Ezgi Deniz Batu1, Seza Ozen1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|August 8, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Cytokine storm syndromes (CSS) require effective management. This review covers alternative immunomodulatory therapies including biologics, stem cell transplantation, and cell-based treatments for CSS.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Cytokine storm syndromes (CSS) encompass conditions like macrophage activation syndrome, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), and MIS-C.
  • Effective management strategies are crucial for improving outcomes in CSS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review alternative immunomodulatory therapies for Cytokine Storm Syndromes (CSS).
  • To highlight current and emerging treatment options beyond standard care.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of immunomodulatory therapies for CSS.
  • Analysis of treatment modalities including corticosteroids, biologics, and cell-based therapies.

Main Results:

  • Biologics are integral to CSS treatment.
  • Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a critical option for primary HLH.
  • Alternative therapies include cyclosporine A, IVIG, IL-18BP, plasmapheresis, and MSCs.

Conclusions:

  • A range of immunomodulatory therapies are available for CSS management.
  • Personalized treatment approaches are essential for different CSS entities.
  • Further research into novel therapies like IL-18BP and MSCs is warranted.

Keywords:
Anti-thymocyte globulinIntravenous immunoglobulinPlasmapheresisRituximab

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