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Maxillary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Enshrouded as Osteomyelitis: A Case Report.
Akansha Vyas1, Ashi Chug1, Amit Sehrawat2
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand 249203 India.
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery
|August 9, 2024
Summary
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the head and neck is rare and can mimic common oral pathologies. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of DLBCL presenting as osteonecrosis, emphasizing timely diagnosis for curative treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Oral Pathology
- Head and Neck Surgery
Background:
- Extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is uncommon in the head and neck, representing about 5% of cases.
- Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most prevalent form of NHL in the oral cavity.
- DLBCL can present with variable clinical signs, often leading to misdiagnosis as more common oral conditions.
Observation:
- This report details an unusual case of DLBCL manifesting as osteonecrosis of the maxilla with associated soft tissue swelling.
- The initial presentation mimicked chronic osteomyelitis, posing a significant diagnostic challenge.
- The patient's condition was initially misdiagnosed due to overlapping clinical and radiological features.
Findings:
- Despite initial misdiagnosis, further investigations led to the correct diagnosis of DLBCL.
- The patient received successful treatment with chemotherapy.
- The patient has remained disease-free for one year post-treatment.
Implications:
- Accurate and timely diagnosis of oral DLBCL is crucial for effective management.
- Integrated clinico-radiological assessment combined with histopathological confirmation is essential.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment can lead to potentially curative outcomes for patients with head and neck DLBCL.
