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Related Concept Videos

The Electrical Double Layer01:30

The Electrical Double Layer

241
In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...
241

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Artificial Trabecular Meshwork Structure Combining Melt Electrowriting and Solution Electrospinning.

Maria Bikuna-Izagirre1,2,3,4, Javier Aldazabal1,2,5, Javier Moreno-Montañes6

  • 1Tissue Engineering Group, Tecnun School of Engineering, University of Navarra, Manuel Lardizabal 13, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.

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|August 10, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel biofabrication technique combining melt electrowriting and solution electrospinning to create a gradient porous scaffold mimicking the human trabecular meshwork (HTM). This engineered scaffold accurately replicated HTM structure and cellular responses to glaucoma medications.

Keywords:
glaucomahuman trabecular meshworkmelt electrowritingsolution electrospinningtissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • The human trabecular meshwork (HTM) regulates intraocular pressure (IOP) via gradient porosity.
  • Altered HTM physical properties, such as increased stiffness or extracellular matrix changes, are linked to elevated IOP and glaucoma.
  • Existing engineered models lack the complexity to fully replicate native HTM structure and glaucoma-related cues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a biofabrication technique for creating a gradient porous scaffold that mimics the multi-layered structure of the native human trabecular meshwork (HTM).
  • To engineer a scaffold capable of replicating the biological and physiological cues relevant to glaucoma.
  • To validate the cellular responsiveness of the engineered scaffold to glaucoma medications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of Polycaprolactone (PCL) constructs using a combination of melt electrowriting (MEW) and solution electrospinning (SE).
  • Mechanical characterization of the PCL scaffolds with controlled height (20-710 µm) and fiber diameters (0.7-37.5 µm).
  • Seeding of primary human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMCs) onto scaffolds, followed by treatment with dexamethasone (Dex) and Netarsudil (Net), with subsequent analysis via scanning electron microscopy and immunochemistry staining.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated gradient porous PCL scaffolds mimicking the multi-layered HTM structure.
  • Engineered scaffolds supported HTMC morphology resembling native cells.
  • The engineered membranes demonstrated appropriate cellular responses to dexamethasone and Netarsudil, validating the system's responsiveness.

Conclusions:

  • Combining MEW and SE is a viable biofabrication strategy for reconstructing complex anatomical features like the HTM.
  • The engineered HTM scaffold shows potential for studying glaucoma pathophysiology and drug responses.
  • Future research should explore novel geometries and dimensions, and incorporate perfusion studies for further validation.