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Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Engineered Vascularized Muscle Flap
Published on: January 11, 2016
Customized Soft Tissue Free Flaps in Head and Neck Reconstruction
Susana Heredero1, Maria Isabel Falguera2, Vicenç Gómez3
1Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Avd. Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba 14004, Spain; Unidad de Cirugía Reconstructiva Avanzada, Hospital Cruz Roja, Paseo de la Victoria s/n, Córdoba 14004, Spain.
Abstract:
The integration of imaging technologies such as computed tomography angiography and color Doppler ultrasonography are transforming soft tissue free flap reconstruction. The search for thinner and more refined flaps has expanded indications for flaps harvested from donor sites that were not commonly used in head and neck reconstruction. This article explores how these tools and techniques facilitate precise flap selection, thickness, and design customization based on detailed patient preoperative perforator anatomy and vascular configuration mapping. Optimizing outcomes with tailored flap designs improves surgical accuracy and patient-specific results in soft tissue reconstruction.
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