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Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes Intervention Evaluations: A Scoping Review of Research Methods
Jennifer Maizel1, Stephanie L Filipp, Gaia Zori
1Dr. Maizel: Department of Health Services Research, Management, and Policy, University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Gainesville, FL, and Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD. Ms. Filipp: Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL. Dr. Zori: Department of Health Services Research, Management, and Policy, University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Gainesville, FL. Dr. Yadav: Department of Health Services Research, Management, and Policy, University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Gainesville, FL. Mr. Avaiya: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD. Ms. Figg: Department of Pediatrics and Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA. Ms. Hechavarria: Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL. Ms. Roque: Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL. Ms. Anez-Zabala: Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL. Dr. Lal: Department of Pediatrics and Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA. Dr. Addala: Department of Pediatrics and Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA. Dr. Haller: Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL. Dr. Maahs: Department of Pediatrics and Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA. Dr. Walker: Department of Health Services Research, Management, and Policy, University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Gainesville, FL.
The Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) model
Area of Science:
- Healthcare delivery
- Telemedicine
- Public health interventions
Background:
- Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) is a global tele-education model established in 2003.
- Its utilization has surged due to the COVID-19 pandemic and increased demand for remote education.
- Despite its widespread impact, research on Project ECHO's evaluation methodologies remains limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review of research methodologies used to evaluate Project ECHO interventions.
- To identify the extent and types of evaluation methods employed.
- To pinpoint gaps and opportunities for future research in Project ECHO evaluations.
Main Methods:
- A scoping review was performed using Arksey and O'Malley's framework and PRISMA-ScR checklist.
- 121 articles evaluating Project ECHO interventions were analyzed.
- Key aspects reviewed included study designs, temporality, analysis methods, data sources, and data levels.
Main Results:
- Interventions primarily focused on substance use disorders, infectious diseases, psychiatric conditions, and chronic diseases.
- Common evaluation methods included cohort studies, longitudinal designs, mixed methods, and surveys.
- Rigorous designs like experimental studies, randomization, and comparison groups were infrequently utilized.
Conclusions:
- There is a significant need for more rigorous evaluation methods to ascertain the effectiveness of the Project ECHO model.
- Standardized reporting guidelines are crucial for enhancing the dissemination of evaluation data from future Project ECHO interventions.
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