A Comprehensive Review on the Biogenic Amines in Cheeses: Their Origin, Chemical Characteristics, Hazard and

Giuseppe Natrella1, Mirco Vacca1, Fabio Minervini1

  • 1Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy.

PubMed
Summary

Biogenic amines in fermented foods, especially cheese, can cause food poisoning. This review examines amine formation, health risks, and factors influencing their levels in various cheeses.

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Amines are organic derivatives of ammonia. They are formed by replacing one or more ammonia protons with alkyl or aryl groups. Depending upon the number of organyl groups bonded to nitrogen, amines are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary. Primary amines have one organyl group attached to the nitrogen atom, while secondary and tertiary amines have two and three organyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom, respectively.
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Preparation of Amines: Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones01:38

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Physical Properties of Amines01:26

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Preparation of Amines: Reduction of Amides and Nitriles01:13

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Preparation of Amines: Reduction of Oximes and Nitro Compounds01:29

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