Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 14, 2025
05:39
Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
Published on: August 2, 2019
9.6K
Probing spin hydrodynamics on a superconducting quantum simulator
Yun-Hao Shi1,2,3, Zheng-Hang Sun1,2, Yong-Yi Wang1,2
1Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Nature Communications
|August 31, 2024
Summary
Researchers used a quantum simulator to study spin transport at infinite temperature. They observed diffusive transport in ergodic systems and anomalous subdiffusion in disordered systems, advancing our understanding of quantum dynamics.
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Condensed matter physics
- Quantum information science
Background:
- Understanding hydrodynamical transport in quantum dynamics is crucial for exotic non-equilibrium phases.
- Simulating infinite-temperature transport in complex quantum systems is experimentally challenging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To experimentally probe spin transport at infinite temperature using a controllable quantum simulator.
- To investigate transport properties under conditions of disorder and tilted potentials.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a superconducting quantum simulator to prepare Haar-random states.
- Observed unitary evolution and spin transport dynamics.
- Applied strong disorder and tilted potentials to the quantum system.
Main Results:
- Observed diffusive spin transport in the ladder-type quantum simulator with ergodic dynamics.
- Revealed signatures of anomalous subdiffusion and breakdown of thermalization under disorder or tilted potentials.
Conclusions:
- Demonstrated a scalable method for probing infinite-temperature spin transport on analog quantum simulators.
- Opened new avenues for studying out-of-equilibrium phenomena through transport properties.
Related Concept Videos
01:08Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview
899
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
899
01:03Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview
902
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
902
01:08NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling
1.3K
The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
1.3K
01:24Superconductor
1.1K
A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
1.1K
01:20Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)
983
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
983
01:02¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals
1.0K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.0K