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Molluscum contagiosum is associated with atopic dermatitis and sexually transmitted infections in a matched

Rachel C Hill1, Aarushi K Parikh2, Shari R Lipner3

  • 1Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.

International Journal of STD & AIDS
|September 6, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Adult molluscum contagiosum (MC) is linked to atopic dermatitis and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like HIV and syphilis. Healthcare providers should consider screening sexually active individuals and those with atopic dermatitis for MC.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a viral skin infection presenting as papules, commonly sexually transmitted in adults.
  • While self-limiting in immunocompetent individuals, MC can be severe in immunocompromised patients.
  • This study investigates risk factors and comorbidities associated with adult MC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze associations between adult molluscum contagiosum and immunosuppression, lifestyle factors, and STIs.
  • To identify specific STIs and comorbidities linked to MC in adults.
  • To inform screening and counseling strategies for at-risk populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the All of Us Research Program database for case identification.
  • Matched 146 adult MC cases with 1460 demographic controls (1:10 ratio).
  • Employed logistic regression to calculate odds ratios for comorbidities, lifestyle factors, and medication exposures.

Main Results:

  • Adults with MC showed significantly higher odds of having syphilis (OR 16), HIV (OR 9.54), chlamydia (OR 6.24), condyloma acuminata (OR 13.9), genital herpes (OR 4.13), and atopic dermatitis (OR 2.85).
  • No significant differences were found in other comorbidities, lifestyle risk factors, or medication exposures between cases and controls.
  • The average age of MC patients was 48 years, with 59% being female and 82.5% White.

Conclusions:

  • Adult MC is significantly associated with atopic dermatitis and several STIs, including HIV, chlamydia, syphilis, condyloma acuminata, and genital herpes.
  • These findings suggest a need for increased awareness and screening for MC in sexually active individuals and those with atopic dermatitis.
  • Early identification and counseling can help manage MC risk and potential complications.
Keywords:
All of usHIVatopic dermatitischlamydiagenital herpesmolluscumsexually transmitted infectionssyphilis

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