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Catalytically Perfect Enzymes

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The theory of catalytically perfect enzymes was first proposed by W.J. Albery and J. R. Knowles in 1976. These enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions at high-speed. Their catalytic efficiency values range from 108-109 M-1s-1. These enzymes are also called 'diffusion-controlled' as the only rate-limiting step in the catalysis is that of the substrate diffusion into the active site. Examples include triose phosphate isomerase, fumarase, and superoxide dismutase.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Preparation and 3D Tracking of Catalytic Swimming Devices

Preparation and 3D Tracking of Catalytic Swimming Devices

Published on: July 1, 2016

Surface molecular pump enables ultrahigh catalyst activity.

Jin Huang¹, Bosi Peng^1,2, Cheng Zhu³

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Science Advances

|September 6, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Dimethylformamide acts as a surface molecular pump, enhancing oxygen reduction reaction activity by 2-3 times. This novel approach boosts electrocatalyst performance for renewable energy applications.

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Published on: April 12, 2019

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Preparation and 3D Tracking of Catalytic Swimming Devices

Preparation and 3D Tracking of Catalytic Swimming Devices

Published on: July 1, 2016

Millifluidics for Chemical Synthesis and Time-resolved Mechanistic Studies

Millifluidics for Chemical Synthesis and Time-resolved Mechanistic Studies

Published on: November 27, 2013

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics

Published on: April 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Computational Chemistry

Background:

Electrocatalyst performance is crucial for renewable energy technologies.
The catalyst-electrolyte interface remains underexplored for optimizing microkinetic processes.
The Sabatier principle guides catalyst design but overlooks interfacial effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of the catalyst-electrolyte interface in electrocatalysis.
To explore dimethylformamide (DMF) as a surface molecular pump.
To enhance the activity of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts.

Main Methods:

Experimental designs combined with molecular dynamics simulations.
Explicit solvent simulations for high accuracy.
Characterization of platinum-alloy catalysts, including a model PtCuNi catalyst.

Main Results:

Dimethylformamide was demonstrated to facilitate oxygen entrapment and water outflux.
DMF disrupts interfacial hydrogen bonds, enhancing ORR activity by 2-3 times.
An optimal PtCuNi catalyst achieved a record specific activity of 21.8 ± 2.1 mA/cm² and mass activity of 10.7 ± 1.1 A/mg_Pt.

Conclusions:

The catalyst-electrolyte interface offers a promising avenue for improving electrocatalyst performance.
Dimethylformamide serves as an effective surface molecular pump, boosting ORR kinetics.
This strategy is general for platinum-alloy catalysts, paving the way for next-generation electrocatalysts.