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Hepatitis C in Poland in 2022.

Karolina Zakrzewska1, Małgorzata Stępień1

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Hepatitis C diagnoses in Poland increased by 46% in 2022, with 10.4% of cases among Ukrainian refugees. Expanding testing is crucial for key populations to control Hepatitis C (HCV) spread.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • The 2022 invasion of Ukraine led to mass migration, with nearly a million refugees arriving in Poland.
  • Poland implemented the Act on Assistance to Ukrainian Citizens, providing comprehensive support.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic's fifth wave persisted, while the epidemic state in Poland was lifted in May 2022.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the epidemiological situation of Hepatitis C (HCV) infections in Poland during 2022.
  • To analyze HCV trends amidst dual public health and migration crises.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of epidemiological surveillance case-based data for HCV in 2022.
  • Comparison of HCV diagnosis rates (2014-2022) and mortality data (2022) with previous years.
  • Inclusion of data from Statistics Poland for mortality figures.

Main Results:

  • New HCV diagnoses rose by 46% in 2022, reaching 6.68 per 100,000 population (2,528 cases).
  • Polish nationals constituted 87% of cases; 10.4% of all detected HCV cases were among individuals of Ukrainian nationality.
  • HCV caused 86 deaths; 5.6% of infected individuals showed liver damage at diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Increased availability and accessibility of HCV testing are essential, especially for non-Polish speakers.
  • A comprehensive strategy for HCV elimination must include prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • Targeted interventions are needed for key populations to curb virus spread and mitigate long-term health impacts.