Absolute Metabolite Quantification in Individuals with Glioma and Healthy Individuals Using Whole-Brain
Mehran Baboli1, Fuyixue Wang1, Zijing Dong1
1From the Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 Thirteenth St, Ste 2301, Charlestown, MA 02129 (M.B., F.W., Z.D., O.C.A.); Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.B., F.W., Z.D., J.D., E.J.U., T.T.B., D.P.C., O.C.A.); Department of Neurology, Papas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (J.D.); Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass (E.J.U.); Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass (T.T.B.); Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Mass (T.T.B.); and Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (D.P.C.).
Background:
MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) can be used to quantify an extended brain metabolic profile but is confounded by changes in tissue water levels due to disease.
Purpose:
To develop a fast absolute quantification method for metabolite concentrations combining whole-brain MRSI with echo-planar time-resolved imaging (EPTI) relaxometry in individuals with glioma and healthy individuals.
Materials And Methods:
In this prospective study performed from August 2022 to August 2023, using internal water as concentration reference, the MRSI-EPTI quantification method was compared with the conventional method using population-average literature relaxation values. Healthy participants and participants with mutant IDH1 gliomas underwent imaging at 3 T with a 32-channel coil. Real-time navigated adiabatic spiral three-dimensional MRSI scans were acquired in approximately 8 minutes and reconstructed with a super-resolution pipeline to obtain brain metabolic images at 2.4-mm isotropic resolution. High-spatial-resolution multiparametric EPTI was performed in 3 minutes, with 1-mm isotropic resolution, to correct the relaxation and proton density of the water reference signal. Bland-Altman analysis and the Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to compare absolute quantifications from the proposed and conventional methods.
Results:
Six healthy participants (four male; mean age, 37 years ± 11 [SD]) and nine participants with glioma (six male; mean age, 41 years ± 15; one with wild-type IDH1 and eight with mutant IDH1) were included. In healthy participants, there was good agreement (+4% bias) between metabolic concentrations derived using the two methods, with a CI of plus or minus 26%. In participants with glioma, there was large disagreement between the two methods (+39% bias) and a CI of plus or minus 55%. The proposed quantification method improved tumor contrast-to-noise ratio (median values) for total N-acetyl-aspartate (EPTI: 0.541 [95% CI: 0.217, 0.910]; conventional: 0.484 [95% CI: 0.199, 0.823]), total choline (EPTI: 1.053 [95% CI: 0.681, 1.713]; conventional: 0.940 [95% CI: 0.617, 1.295]), and total creatine (EPTI: 0.745 [95% CI: 0.628, 0.909]; conventional: 0.553 [95% CI: 0.444, 0.828]) (P = .03 for all).
Conclusion:
The whole-brain MRSI-EPTI method provided fast absolute quantification of metabolic concentrations with individual-specific corrections at 2.4-mm isotropic resolution, yielding concentrations closer to the true value in disease than the conventional literature-based corrections. © RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.
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