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Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters

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Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter and Mortality: An Update of the WHO Global Air Quality Guidelines Systematic

Pablo Orellano¹, Maria-Iosifina Kasdagli², Román Pérez Velasco³

¹Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Universidad Tecnologica Nacional, Facultad Regional San Nicolas, San Nicolas, Argentina.

International Journal of Public Health

|October 14, 2024

Abstract

Objectives:

For the development of the 2021 global air quality guidelines, the World Health Organization (WHO) commissioned a series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to assess the association between exposure to air pollution and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. One of these reviews, which we aim to update, focused on the effects of long-term exposure to PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ on all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Methods:

The protocol for this study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023425327). We searched the PubMed and Embase databases for studies published between September 2018 and May 2023. Study-specific effects were pooled using random-effects models.

Results:

We included 106 studies in the meta-analysis, 46 studies from the previous review and 60 from this update. All exposure-outcome pairs analysed showed positive and significant associations, except for PM₁₀ and cerebrovascular mortality. The certainty of the evidence was rated as high for the majority of exposure-outcome pairs.

Conclusion:

We included a large number of new cohorts, and provided new concentration-response functions that will inform WHO advice on the use of this information for air pollution health risk assessments.

Keywords:

air pollution meta-analysis mortality particulate matter systematic review

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