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Effects of Dual Tasks Including Gum Chewing on Prefrontal Cortex Activity.

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  • 1Department of Oral Health and Clinical Science, Division of Sports Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan. tsutsuiarata@tdc.ac.jp.

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|October 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Listening to pleasant sounds while gum chewing or walking and gum chewing increases prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity and enhances positive emotions. This study explored the impact of auditory stimuli on cognitive and emotional states during physical activity.

Keywords:
Dual tasksGum chewingNear-infrared spectroscopyPrefrontal cortexWalking

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity is crucial for cognitive functions and emotional regulation.
  • Auditory stimuli, such as pleasant sounds (PS), can modulate brain activity and emotional states.
  • Combining physical activities with auditory stimuli may influence cognitive processing and emotional experience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of listening to pleasant sounds (PS) on prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity.
  • To examine how walking, gum chewing (GCh), and a dual task (walking + GCh) while listening to PS impact PFC activity.
  • To assess participants' self-reported pleasantness during these tasks.

Main Methods:

  • 11 healthy adult males participated in a block design study.
  • Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measured PFC activity.
  • Participants underwent conditions of rest, walking, gum chewing (GCh), and walking + GCh, all while listening to PS.
  • Visual analogue scale (VAS) assessed self-reported pleasantness.

Main Results:

  • Significantly greater PFC activation was observed during GCh and walking + GCh compared to the control (rest with PS) condition.
  • Self-reported pleasantness (VAS) was significantly higher for GCh and walking + GCh compared to the control condition.
  • PS combined with GCh or walking + GCh led to increased PFC activity and positive emotional changes.

Conclusions:

  • Listening to pleasant sounds while engaging in gum chewing or a dual task of walking and gum chewing enhances PFC activity.
  • These combined activities induce positive emotional changes, suggesting a synergistic effect.
  • The findings highlight the interplay between auditory stimuli, physical activity, and brain function in modulating emotional states.