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Updated: Jun 9, 2025
Synthesis of Graphene Nanofluids with Controllable Flake Size Distributions
Published on: July 17, 2019
Efficient Production of Graphene through a Partially Frozen Suspension Exfoliation Process: An Insight into the
Kaixiang Pang1, Xiaoke Fang1, Chuanren Ye2
1National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China.
Abstract:
Liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) offers a promising path for scalable graphene production, but struggles with high energy consumption and low yield, with over 99.99% of the input energy wasted. Here, we present an energy-efficient approach for producing graphene via partially frozen-suspension exfoliation (PFE). As opposed to traditional liquid-solid interfaces, the solid-solid interface enhances shear strength between the frozen solvent and graphite from about 40 N m-2 to 105 N m-2. Additionally, the suspension flow transitions from turbulent to laminar, aligning graphite parallel to the flow direction and conducive to the effective utilization of shear force. Compared to conventional liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE), PFE improves energy efficiency by 102∼103 times. Furthermore, a production rate of 5 g h-1 has been achieved in a 10 L tank at an ultralow shear rate of 3 × 102 s-1.
