Contextualizing Race and Ethnicity in the Practice of Laboratory Medicine

Race and ethnicity are population descriptors that clinicians and researchers often use to classify humans. The utility of these groupings in research and clinical contexts warrants scrutiny, since these groupings fail to adequately capture genetic diversity and instead, are proxies for the complex interplay of genetic, social, and structural determinants of health. Here, the authors review the concepts of race, ethnicity, and genetics. They also describe laboratory medicine examples where race and ethnicity are used that warrant scrutiny and revision, and areas where greater emphasis on including racialized minorities is necessary to improve health disparities.