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Updated: Jun 8, 2025

Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies
Published on: January 10, 2025
Medical and Surgical Reproductive Care of Transgender and Gender Diverse Patients
Frances Grimstad1, Carly Guss2
1Division of Gynecology, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, 333 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Abstract:
Transgender and gender nonbinary (TGNB) patients may seek out gynecologic care for a variety of reasons. It is important for gynecologic providers to possess a comprehensive understanding and comfort level in caring for TGNB adolescents and young adults. This piece discusses the gynecologic care of TGNB adolescents and young adults. It reviews disparities faced by TGNB adolescents, social, medical, and surgical affirmation approaches to gender affirming care, and gynecologic health considerations including fertility, menstrual suppression, breakthrough bleeding and vulvovaginal atrophy on testosterone, hysterectomy and oophorectomy approaches, as well as pelvic health care following gender-affirming penile inversion vulvovaginoplasty.
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