Fluoroscopic, Computed Tomographic, and Magnetic Resonance Myelography

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Neuroradiology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging offers advantages but has contraindications and limitations.
• MR imaging has not fully replaced fluoroscopic or computed tomographic (CT) myelography for spinal cord and nerve root visualization.
• Accurate diagnosis and treatment of cerebrospinal fluid leaks have increased interest in image-guided procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the technical and periprocedural aspects of fluoroscopic and CT myelography.
• To discuss the application of noninvasive MR myelography in specific clinical situations.

Main Methods:

• Review of technical aspects of fluoroscopic myelography.
• Review of technical aspects of CT myelography.
• Discussion of noninvasive MR myelography techniques and applications.

Main Results:

• Fluoroscopic and CT myelography remain valuable for spinal cord and nerve root depiction, especially when MR imaging is contraindicated.
• Noninvasive MR myelography can be useful in certain clinical scenarios for evaluating cerebrospinal fluid leaks.
• Understanding the technical nuances of these myelographic techniques is crucial for effective diagnosis.

Conclusions:

• Fluoroscopic and CT myelography are important complementary tools to MR imaging in neuroradiology.
• Familiarity with myelographic procedures is essential for diagnosing and managing cerebrospinal fluid leaks.
• This review provides insights into the practical aspects of these imaging modalities.