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ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN WEST AFRICA: LESSONS GLEANED FROM THE IBADAN AF PROJECT
O S Ogah1, O A Orimolade1, A Adebiyi1
1Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan/University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
West African Journal of Medicine
|November 14, 2024
Summary
In Nigeria, non-rheumatic and non-atherosclerotic conditions are now the primary risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF). Effective stroke prevention and risk factor management are crucial for patients with AF.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Limited data exists on atrial fibrillation (AF) clinical profiles and characteristics in West Africa.
- Traditionally, chronic rheumatic heart disease was the primary risk factor for AF in the region.
- Demographic and epidemiological transitions suggest evolving risk factors, clinical presentations, and complications of AF.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the contemporary clinical profile and characteristics of atrial fibrillation (AF) in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Main Methods:
- Prospective observational study.
- Included adults (18+ years) with electrocardiographic diagnosis of AF.
- Collected data on sociodemographics, clinical information, risk factors, management, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- 357 patients recruited (mean age 63.4 years); 52.9% male.
- Common AF subtypes: permanent (61%), persistent (25%), paroxysmal (14%). No lone AF cases.
- Hypertension, heart failure, and valvular heart disease were prevalent comorbidities. 89% had a CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2.
- Rate control (64.4%) was the main strategy; beta-blockers/digoxin were common. Anticoagulation was used in 64.6%, with only 30% achieving adequate levels.
Conclusions:
- Non-rheumatic, non-atherosclerotic conditions are now the common risk factors for AF in Ibadan, Nigeria.
- Emphasis on stroke prevention and AF risk factor control is essential.
- Keywords: Atrial fibrillation, lessons gleaned, Ibadan AF project.
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