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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

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In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or...
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Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Ultrasensitive Detection of Biomarkers by Using a Molecular Imprinting Based Capacitive Biosensor
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Highly Reusable Electrochemical Immunosensor for Ultrasensitive Protein Detection.

Kavya L Singampalli1,2, Camille Neal-Harris1, Cassian Yee3

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Advanced Sensor Research
|December 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a reusable electrochemical immunosensor for rapid and ultrasensitive protein biomarker detection. The novel sensor significantly reduces costs and waste compared to traditional methods.

Keywords:
CXCL9diagnosticelectrochemicalgold nanoparticlesimmunosensormagnetic nanoparticlesreusable

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Ultrasensitive protein biomarker detection is crucial for clinical diagnostics and health monitoring.
  • Existing methods like ELISA and electrochemical sensing have limitations including long incubation times, high costs, and waste generation due to single-use electrodes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a reusable electrochemical immunosensor for ultrasensitive protein biomarker detection.
  • To demonstrate the sensor's efficacy in detecting a specific biomarker (CXCL9) in human urine.
  • To adapt the sensor for use with a portable diagnostic device.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a reusable electrochemical immunosensor utilizing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and dually labeled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs).
  • Detection of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9) in human urine samples.
  • Adaptation of the immunosensor onto a smartphone-based diagnostic device.

Main Results:

  • The developed immunosensor detected CXCL9 at concentrations as low as 27 pg/mL within approximately 1 hour.
  • The smartphone-based device achieved a lower limit of detection of 65 pg/mL for CXCL9.
  • The sensing electrodes demonstrated reusability for over 100 measurements with minimal performance degradation.

Conclusions:

  • The reusable electrochemical immunosensor offers a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative for ultrasensitive protein detection.
  • The platform shows potential for rapid, point-of-care diagnostics, particularly for monitoring biomarkers like CXCL9.
  • The integration with a smartphone device enhances the accessibility and portability of the diagnostic technology.