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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
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Updated: Jun 5, 2025

A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development
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Maternal gut microbiota influence stem cell function in offspring.

Haiyue Dang1, Panpan Feng1, Shuning Zhang1

  • 1Laboratory for Microbiota-Host Interactions, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.

Cell Stem Cell
|December 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The maternal microbiome programs offspring stem cells, impacting development and health. Microbiome diversity and metabolites like short-chain fatty acids are key factors influencing stem cell traits.

Keywords:
child healthdevelopmentdifferentiationfecal microbiota transplantmTOR signalingmaternal metabolitesmaternal microbiotaneurogenesisshort chain fatty acidsstem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • The maternal microbiome's influence on offspring health is recognized, but its specific effects on offspring stem cells are unclear.
  • Stem cells are crucial for development, regulating tissue formation and long-term physiological health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the maternal microbiome conditions offspring stem cells.
  • To explore the mechanisms by which maternal microbiota impacts stem cell proliferation and differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Maternal microbiota was manipulated using Akkermansia muciniphila in mice.
  • Offspring stem cell phenotypes were assessed after maternal microbiota transplantation.
  • The role of the mTOR pathway and specific metabolites (SCFAs, amino acids) was examined.

Main Results:

  • Distinct maternal microbiomes altered offspring neuronal and intestinal stem cell proliferation and differentiation.
  • Microbiome diversity was crucial; selective colonization with Akkermansia alone did not replicate effects.
  • Maternal microbiome composition influenced circulating SCFAs and amino acids, impacting offspring stem cell transcriptomics via the mTOR pathway.

Conclusions:

  • The maternal microbiome plays a fundamental role in programming offspring stem cells.
  • Metabolites and the mTOR pathway are critical mediators of maternal microbiome effects on stem cells.
  • Targeting the maternal microbiome offers potential for health interventions.