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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
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Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2025

MAME Models for 4D Live-cell Imaging of Tumor: Microenvironment Interactions that Impact Malignant Progression
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The Microenvironment in DCIS and Its Role in Disease Progression.

Mohammad Reza Roozitalab1, Niki Prekete1, Michael Allen1

  • 1Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|January 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) progression is hard to predict. Research highlights the tumor microenvironment, not just cancer cells, as key to understanding which DCIS lesions may become invasive breast cancer.

Keywords:
AdipocytesCAFDCISExtracellular matrixImmune cellsMicroenvironmentMyoepithelial cell

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Analyzing the Communication Between Monocytes and Primary Breast Cancer Cells in an Extracellular Matrix Extract ECME-based Three-dimensional System
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Tumor Microenvironment Research

Background:

  • Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a common breast cancer precursor, but predicting progression to invasive breast cancer (IBC) remains challenging.
  • Molecular analysis of epithelial cells has not yielded consistent predictors of DCIS progression.
  • The tumor microenvironment (ME) is increasingly recognized as critical in DCIS behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the tumor microenvironment in DCIS progression.
  • To understand how changes in myoepithelial cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) influence DCIS behavior.
  • To explore the heterogeneity within the DCIS microenvironment and its impact on disease outcome.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on DCIS and its microenvironment.
  • Analysis of cellular and extracellular matrix changes in the DCIS microenvironment.
  • Focus on the interplay between DCIS epithelial cells and surrounding stromal and immune components.

Main Results:

  • Myoepithelial cells in DCIS can shift from tumor suppressors to promoters of invasion.
  • Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) remodel the extracellular matrix and influence signaling pathways.
  • Heterogeneity exists within CAFs, immune cells, and other stromal components, impacting DCIS behavior.

Conclusions:

  • The tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in determining DCIS progression potential.
  • Understanding the complex interactions within the DCIS microenvironment is essential for predicting clinical outcomes.
  • Further in vitro, in vivo, and tissue studies are needed to define predictive features of DCIS behavior.