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Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of β-Ketoacids01:02

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Carboxylic acids, upon heating, undergo a decarboxylation reaction by releasing carbon dioxide gas. Monocarboxylic acids do not undergo decarboxylation easily. However, a silver salt of carboxylic acid reacts with bromine or iodine under high temperature to release carbon dioxide gas and forms halide with one less carbon. This reaction is called the Hunsdiecker reaction.
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Reactions of Carboxylic Acids: Introduction01:41

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Carboxylic acids possess an acidic –COOH functional group. The acidity can be attributed to the resonance stabilization of their conjugate base, wherein the negative charge is delocalized over both oxygen atoms.
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Carboxylic acid derivatives are formed by replacing the hydroxyl group of carboxylic acids with a different functional group. The most common carboxylic acid derivatives are:
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There are various methods for the preparation of carboxylic acids. For example, oxidation of primary alcohols or aldehydes using strong oxidizing agents results in a carboxylic acid.  Aldehydes can also be oxidized in the presence of mild oxidizing agents.
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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Facial Rejuvenation Therapy with Post-Laser Salicylic Acid Application
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Topical Carboxytherapy for Skin Rejuvenation.

Ava Shamban1, Wendy E Roberts2, Vivian Bucay3

  • 1Dr. Shamban is with AVA MD in Beverly Hills, California.

The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology
|January 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Topical carbon dioxide (CO2) gel therapy offers a new, safe method for skin rejuvenation. This carboxytherapy approach enhances oxygen delivery to tissues, improving skin health and appearance for various medical and aesthetic applications.

Keywords:
Carboxytherapyaesthetic dermatologyroundtabletransdermal carbon dioxidewound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and Aesthetic Medicine

Background:

  • Public demand drives innovation in safe and effective dermal rejuvenation techniques.
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) therapy, or carboxytherapy, is gaining interest for its aesthetic benefits.
  • Carboxytherapy leverages the Bohr effect to enhance oxygen release into tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss advancements in CO2 therapy, specifically topical CO2 gel.
  • To highlight the multi-purpose applications of CO2 gel in medical and aesthetic fields.
  • To present findings from a roundtable discussion at the Generational Dermatology Symposium.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and discussion from a roundtable expert panel.
  • Focus on transcutaneous release of CO2 via a topical gel formulation.
  • Exploration of CO2 gel's effects on microcirculation and collagen turnover.

Main Results:

  • Topical CO2 gel application increases microcirculation and capillary growth.
  • CO2 therapy promotes wound healing, reduces scar tissue, and boosts collagen turnover.
  • Application post-procedure (e.g., nanofractional radiofrequency) improves outcomes and reduces adverse events.

Conclusions:

  • CO2 gel therapy is a safe and effective tool for dermal rejuvenation and aesthetic enhancement.
  • This therapy offers broad applications for medical, aesthetic, pediatric, and female health practitioners.
  • CO2 gel represents a significant advancement in non-invasive skin treatment modalities.