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Network Covalent Solids

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...

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Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators

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Robust Mechanically Interlocked Network Ionogels.

Mengling Yang¹, Jinhao Li², Chunyu Wang¹

¹School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|January 23, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed mechanically interlocked network ionogels (IG-MINs) with enhanced strength and toughness. These robust ionogels show promise for applications like strain sensors, overcoming limitations of current materials.

Keywords:

ionogels mechanical bonds shape-memory tear resistance toughening mechanism

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Polymer Chemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Ionogels offer unique ionic conductivity and thermal stability but suffer from poor mechanical properties.
Weak mechanical performance limits the widespread application of conventional ionogels.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop robust, tough, and impact-resistant ionogels using mechanically interlocked networks.
To enhance the mechanical properties of ionogels for broader applications.

Main Methods:

Incorporation of ion liquids with mechanical bonds into ionogel structures.
Design of mechanically interlocked network ionogels (IG-MINs) for energy dissipation and structural integrity.

Main Results:

IG-MINs demonstrate high tensile strength (9.6 MPa), fracture energy (39 kJ/m²), and toughness (25.9 MJ/m³).
Achieved high elongation (473%), excellent impact resistance, and shape memory properties.
IG-MINs maintained stable electrical signals as strain sensors for crawling robots.

Conclusions:

Mechanically interlocked networks provide a viable strategy for toughening ionogels.
The developed IG-MINs surpass existing ionogels in overall performance.
This research promotes the advancement of mechanically interlocked materials and their applications.