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Thyroid function abnormalities in individuals with sickle cell disease: a meta-analysis.

Sagad O O Mohamed1, Hussein Ahmed2, Mohammed A H Mohammednoor2

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Alqasr Avenue, P.O. Box 102, Khartoum, Sudan. s.oom123@yahoo.com.

Thyroid Research
|February 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients show higher thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and a trend of lower thyroid hormones. Monitoring thyroid function is crucial for early detection of hypothyroidism in SCD.

Keywords:
HypothyroidismMeta-analysisSickle cell diseaseThyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Hematology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Endocrine dysfunction is increasingly recognized in sickle cell disease (SCD).
  • Thyroid disorders in SCD can lead to growth and cognitive impairments.
  • Data on the extent of thyroid abnormalities in SCD is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and analyze thyroid function abnormalities in individuals with SCD.
  • To determine the prevalence and spectrum of thyroid disorders in the SCD population.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Searches conducted across major scientific databases (Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, etc.).
  • Meta-analysis used to calculate pooled prevalence and standardized mean differences (SMD).

Main Results:

  • Nineteen studies included; elevated serum TSH levels found in SCD patients (SMD = 1.184, p=0.011).
  • A trend towards lower T3, T4, free T3, and free T4 levels observed in SCD patients.
  • Pooled prevalence of hypothyroidism was 4.9% and subclinical hypothyroidism was 8.7% in SCD.

Conclusions:

  • SCD patients tend to have elevated TSH levels, indicating potential thyroid dysfunction.
  • Subclinical hypothyroidism is present in a subset of SCD patients.
  • Regular thyroid function monitoring is essential in SCD management to prevent overt hypothyroidism and adverse outcomes.