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Mapping glioma's impact on cognition: Insights from macrostructure, microstructure, and beyond
Nuria Cayuela1, Cristina Izquierdo2, Lucía Vaquero3,4,5
1Neurology Department, Complex Hospitalari Moisès Broggi, Barcelona, Spain.
Neuro-Oncology Advances
|February 6, 2025
Summary
Advanced neuroimaging reveals how glioma characteristics and treatments impact cognitive impairment (CI) in patients. Understanding these factors, including white matter integrity, aids in personalized neuro-oncology care.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Oncology
- Radiology
Background:
- Cognitive impairment (CI) significantly affects glioma patients' quality of life.
- Tumor characteristics and treatment modalities are key risk factors for CI.
- Advanced structural neuroimaging offers insights into CI mechanisms in glioma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of advanced structural neuroimaging in understanding CI in glioma patients.
- To explore associations between glioma characteristics, neuroimaging findings, and cognitive outcomes.
- To identify neuroimaging markers for predicting and mitigating CI.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search of PubMed, PsycINFO, and ISI Web of Knowledge.
- Inclusion of studies utilizing advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques.
- Focus on studies correlating imaging findings with objective neuropsychological assessments.
Main Results:
- IDH-wild-type gliomas are associated with worse cognitive outcomes and network disruptions compared to IDH-mutant gliomas.
- Preservation of specific white matter tracts (e.g., inferior longitudinal and arcuate fasciculus) is crucial for maintaining verbal memory and language.
- Gliomas in perisylvian regions negatively impact cognitive functions; neuroplasticity may offer compensatory mechanisms.
- Long-term CI in survivors may be linked to GM atrophy and leukoencephalopathy from radiotherapy/chemotherapy.
Conclusions:
- A nuanced, individualized approach is essential for managing glioma patients with CI.
- Neuroimaging insights guide surgical decisions and personalized therapies in neuro-oncology.
- Improving treatment strategies is vital for long-term survivors to mitigate cognitive decline.
