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Updated: May 25, 2025

Construction and Characterization of a Novel Vocal Fold Bioreactor
Published on: August 1, 2014
Return to Vocal Performance After Vocal Fold Hemorrhage.
Christine M Clark1, Yeo Eun Kim2, Rachel Coleman1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sean Parker Institute for the Voice, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Vocal fold hemorrhage (VFH) recurrence after return to performance (RTP) is low at 6%. This study found no significant differences in recurrence based on patient factors or time to RTP, guiding performer expectations.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Vocal Health
- Performing Arts Medicine
Background:
- Vocal fold hemorrhage (VFH) is a common vocal injury.
- There is a lack of evidence-based guidance for safe return to performance (RTP) after VFH.
- Understanding VFH recurrence risk is crucial for vocal performers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the recurrence rate of vocal fold hemorrhage (VFH) following return to performance (RTP).
- To identify factors influencing VFH recurrence after RTP.
- To provide evidence for counseling vocal performers on RTP after VFH.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of adult vocal performers with documented VFH and RTP.
- Data collected included clinicodemographics, interventions, and VFH recurrence within 30 days of RTP.
- Comparison of cohorts with and without recurrence.
Main Results:
- 32 patients with 33 VFH occurrences were analyzed (median age 36, 49% female, 76% musical theater performers).
- Overall VFH recurrence within 30 days of RTP was 6% (2 patients).
- No statistically significant differences in recurrence were found based on age, sex, hemorrhage extent, or presence of varices.
Conclusions:
- The rate of VFH recurrence after RTP at a median of 12 days post-injury is 6%.
- Recurrence risk appears independent of patient demographics, hemorrhage characteristics, or associated varices.
- Findings provide guidance for managing expectations and counseling vocal performers regarding RTP after VFH.
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