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Labeling DNA Probes

Labeling DNA Probes

DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...

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Updated: May 25, 2025

Flow-pattern Guided Fabrication of High-density Barcode Antibody Microarray

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Published on: January 6, 2016

DNA Origami Barcodes for Immunostaining.

Praneetha Sundar Prakash¹, Foram M Joshi², Eric Vogelsberg²

¹Department of Physics, 103 Smith Hall, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|February 27, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces DNA origami barcodes for multiplexed immuno-gold labeling in electron microscopy. This novel approach enhances the ability to visualize multiple antigens simultaneously in biological samples.

Keywords:

DNA origami bioconjugation electron microscopy immunostaining multiplexing structural DNA nanotechnology

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Area of Science:

Histology and Nanotechnology
Biomedical Imaging
Molecular Biology

Background:

Immunostaining is crucial for studying cellular processes in histology.
Immuno-gold labeling offers nanometer spatial resolution but struggles with multiplexing.
Simultaneous visualization of multiple antigens remains a significant challenge in electron microscopy.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a DNA nanotechnology-based method for multiplexed antigen labeling in transmission electron microscopy.
To create high-contrast patterns for visualizing multiple antigens simultaneously.
To enhance the multiplexing capabilities of immunostaining in a modular fashion.

Main Methods:

Utilized DNA origami structures as visual barcodes functionalized with gold nanoparticles.
Developed DNA-modified antibodies designed to hybridize with complementary DNA strands on the barcodes.
Applied the technique to ultrathin tissue resin sections for transmission electron microscopy imaging.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a novel DNA nanotechnology approach for high-contrast antigen labeling.
Successfully visualized multiple antigens in parallel using DNA origami barcodes.
Showcased the modularity and expanded multiplexing potential of the developed technique.

Conclusions:

The DNA nanotechnology-based approach offers a powerful solution for multiplexed immuno-gold labeling.
This method significantly advances the ability to study complex cellular processes by enabling simultaneous visualization of multiple antigens.
The modular design promises broad applicability in various fields of biological research requiring high-resolution imaging.