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A Wireless Implantable Closed-Loop Electrochemical Drug Delivery System.
IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
|March 3, 2025
Summary
This study introduces a closed-loop implantable drug delivery system (DDS) powered wirelessly by ultrasound. It achieves precise, reliable drug release using electrochemical control and feedback for enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Implantable Devices
- Drug Delivery Systems
Background:
- Wireless implantable drug delivery systems (DDSs) offer targeted, on-demand drug release.
- Previous ultrasound-powered DDS faced challenges in power transfer and control reliability in vivo.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a closed-loop implantable DDS using ultrasound wireless power and communication.
- To enable precise and reliable drug delivery through electrochemical control.
Main Methods:
- Utilized piezoelectric transducers for wireless power and data transmission.
- Incorporated a drug delivery module with electroresponsive nanoparticles.
- Developed a custom CMOS integrated circuit with a programmable potentiostat for closed-loop control.
- Implemented ultrasound power combining and rectifier voltage feedback for robust power transfer.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated in vitro closed-loop release control at 8 cm depth.
- Achieved consistent 2 μg drug release across varying concentrations.
- Reduced release amount variation by 39% through feedback-controlled stimulus voltage.
Conclusions:
- The developed closed-loop DDS effectively enables precise and reliable drug delivery.
- Ultrasound wireless power and communication enhance implantable device functionality.
- Electrochemical release mechanisms combined with closed-loop control improve drug delivery accuracy.
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