Nanofibrous Hydrogel with Highly Salt-Resistant Radial/Vertical-Combined Structure for Efficient Solar Interfacial...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Chemical Engineering
• Environmental Science

Background:

• Hydrogel-based solar evaporators are effective for desalination due to their structure and water transport properties.
• Existing array structures (random, unidirectional, radial) have limitations in water transport, thermal management, and salt rejection.
• Combining array structures can maximize evaporation performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel nanofibrous hydrogel-based solar evaporator with a combined radial/vertical array structure.
• To enhance water transport, reduce heat loss, and improve salt rejection.
• To investigate the impact of nanofibers on hydrogel stability and water transport.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of a nanofibrous hydrogel solar evaporator with integrated radial and vertical channels.
• Characterization of the evaporator's structure and properties.
• Performance testing under 1 sun illumination for evaporation rate and energy efficiency.
• Long-term durability testing in a high-concentration NaCl solution.

Main Results:

• The combined radial/vertical array structure demonstrated excellent water transport and reduced heat loss.
• Achieved an impressive evaporation rate of 4.62 kg m^-2 h^-1 with 149.57% energy efficiency under 1 sun.
• Exhibited exceptional salt resistance and durability, maintaining 3.98 kg m^-2 h^-1 after 12 h in 20 wt.% NaCl solution.
• Nanofibers enhanced hydrogel stability and facilitated water transport.

Conclusions:

• The developed nanofibrous hydrogel solar evaporator with a combined array structure offers superior desalination performance.
• The integrated design effectively addresses limitations of individual array structures.
• This technology shows significant potential for efficient and durable seawater desalination.