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Nanofiber-To-Hydrogel Conversion Enables a Structurally Integrated PAN Hydrogel with Multifunctional Properties for

Hongyan Huang1, Fang Guo1, Yong Wen1

  • 1College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|December 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous hydrogel with exceptional strength, adhesion, and swelling for oil-water separation. The PMP hydrogel also efficiently removes dyes from water using solar energy.

Keywords:
MXeneclean water productionnanofibrous hydrogelphotodegradationphotothermal-responsive

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Environmental Engineering

Background:

  • Hydrogels are promising for oil-water separation due to high water absorption.
  • Traditional hydrogels lack mechanical robustness in swollen states, limiting applications.
  • Developing hydrogels with combined strength, adhesion, swelling, and self-healing is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create an "all-in-one" polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous hydrogel with enhanced properties.
  • To develop a photothermal-responsive hydrogel for efficient dye-contaminated oil/water mixture separation and solar-driven water evaporation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of PAN nanofibrous hydrogel via controlled alkaline hydrolysis.
  • Integration of thermoresponsive polymer PNIPAm and photothermal material MXene.
  • Testing mechanical strength, adhesion, swelling, self-healing, and cyclic performance.

Main Results:

  • The PAN hydrogel exhibited exceptional mechanical strength (>3.36 MPa), toughness, adhesion (>520 kPa), and swelling (>3600%).
  • The hydrogel maintained properties after dehydration and showed minimal shrinkage (<5%) for cyclic use.
  • The PMP hydrogel achieved high efficiency in separating dye-contaminated oil/water mixtures and served as an effective solar-driven water evaporator, degrading dyes and recovering clean water with high efficiency over 20 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The developed PAN nanofibrous hydrogel offers a robust and versatile platform for oil-water separation and water purification.
  • The PMP hydrogel demonstrates significant potential for environmental remediation applications, particularly in treating oily wastewater and recovering clean water via solar energy.