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Contact Angle

Contact Angle

When a solid is dipped inside a liquid, the liquid surface becomes curved near the contact. For some solid–liquid interfaces, the liquid is pulled up along the solid, while for others, the liquid surface is convex or depressed near the solid surface. This phenomenon can be explained using the concept of cohesive and adhesive forces.
The adhesive force is the molecular force between molecules of different materials, that is, between the molecules of the solid and the liquid. The cohesive...

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Azimuthal Variation of Apparent Contact Angles on Structured Surfaces Featuring Micrometric Ramps, Pyramids and

Patrick Palmetshofer¹, Stefan Hengsbach², Markus Guttmann²

¹Institute of Aerospace Thermodynamics, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids

|March 13, 2025

Summary

Manufacturing microstructured surfaces affects wetting behavior. This study explores how different geometries like pyramids and cubes influence apparent contact angles on Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) surfaces, revealing structure-dependent wetting variations.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Surface Science
Physics

Background:

Advanced manufacturing techniques enable the creation of microstructured surfaces with diverse geometries.
Understanding the impact of these microstructures on surface wettability and apparent contact angles is crucial for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the wetting behavior and apparent contact angle variations on Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) surfaces fabricated with different microstructures.
To analyze the influence of surface treatments (plasma polymerization vs. no treatment) on wettability.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of microstructured PMMA surfaces using 3D Direct Laser Writing (3D-DLW) and hot embossing.
Creation of micrometric pyramids, cubes on a staggered grid, and two ramped structures.
Measurement of the azimuthal variation of apparent contact angles for sessile droplets.

Main Results:

All tested microstructured surfaces exhibited azimuthal variations in apparent contact angles.
Ramped structures showed increased contact angles due to pinning at ramp tops, with stronger effects on one side.
Pyramid structures displayed pinning lines along axes and diagonals.
Cube structures on a hexagonal grid showed maximum contact angle increases along primary axes, with smaller increases along secondary axes.

Conclusions:

Microstructure geometry significantly influences wetting behavior and apparent contact angles.
Surface pinning effects are geometry-dependent and lead to anisotropic wettability.
The findings provide insights into tailoring surface properties for specific applications through controlled microstructuring.