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Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Complication Rates at a Major Teaching Hospital: A 9-Year Retrospective Review
Mary Cho1, Nagi Demian2, Brendan Moxley3
1Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX.
Summary
Postoperative complications in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) did not show a significant trend over nine years. However, the type of procedure significantly influenced complication rates, with orthognathic surgeries having the highest incidence.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Surgical Outcomes Research
- Healthcare Quality Improvement
Background:
- Postoperative complications in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMS) negatively impact patient recovery and increase healthcare costs.
- Identifying trends in OMS complications is vital for enhancing patient safety and surgical training in academic medical centers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze and identify trends in the prevalence of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMS) complications over a nine-year period.
- To establish a baseline for complication rates and types within a major teaching hospital setting.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 4,466 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMS) operations from July 2014 to June 2023.
- Complications were defined as any adverse outcome documented as morbidity or mortality.
- Generalized linear models assessed trends in complication prevalence and type over time, with Fisher's exact test examining procedure type associations.
Main Results:
- A total of 325 (7.28%) complications occurred across 4,466 operations.
- No statistically significant trend in overall complication prevalence was observed over the nine-year study period (P = .1).
- A significant association was found between procedure type and complication type (P < .001), with orthognathic procedures showing the highest complication proportion (17.4%).
Conclusions:
- While overall complication rates in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMS) did not trend significantly over time, the type of surgical procedure is a key factor influencing complication occurrence.
- These findings underscore the importance of considering procedure-specific risks in managing patient safety and optimizing outcomes in OMS.
