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Cognitivism01:17

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Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
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Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

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Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
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The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
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Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
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Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

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A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
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If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
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Hunting for Paradoxes: A Research Strategy for Cognitive Science.

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  • 1Behavioural Science Group, Warwick Business School.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Identifying paradoxes in cognitive science research is key to advancing our understanding of the mind. Resolving these contradictions sharpens theories and drives scientific progress.

Keywords:
CoordinationDecision‐makingGame theoryInconsistencyParadoxRationalityReasoning

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Philosophy of Mind
  • Epistemology

Background:

  • Identifying significant research questions in cognitive science can be challenging.
  • Current theories in cognitive science are often ill-defined or inconsistent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose paradox identification and resolution as a valuable research strategy in cognitive science.
  • To demonstrate how confronting contradictions can lead to theoretical advancements.

Main Methods:

  • The study advocates for actively seeking and resolving paradoxes within cognitive science.
  • It suggests that isolating apparent or real contradictions exposes vagueness and necessitates precise formulation of ideas.

Main Results:

  • Finding and analyzing robust contradictions is presented as a significant research achievement.
  • Resolving paradoxes leads to clearer theories and potentially new empirical data.

Conclusions:

  • The strategy of paradox hunting offers a robust method for advancing cognitive science.
  • The author's research history exemplifies the successful, albeit often unintentional, application of this strategy.