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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Longitudinal In Vivo Imaging of the Cerebrovasculature: Relevance to CNS Diseases

Longitudinal In Vivo Imaging of the Cerebrovasculature: Relevance to CNS Diseases

Published on: December 6, 2016

Imaging Interstitial Fluids and Extracellular Matrix in Cerebrovascular Disorders: Current Perspectives and Clinical

Grant McGee Talkington¹, Blake Ouvrier¹, Amanda Louise White²

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America

|April 10, 2025

Summary

Neuroimaging advances reveal how changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and interstitial fluid (ISF) dynamics are linked to cerebrovascular disorders, aiding in early detection and treatment.

Keywords:

Cerebrovascular disorders Disease biomarkers Extracellular matrix Extracellular matrix components Fluid dynamics Interstitial fluid Neuroimaging

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Cerebrovascular Biology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Cerebrovascular disorders involve complex changes in the brain's extracellular matrix (ECM) and interstitial fluid (ISF) dynamics.
Current understanding of these ECM and ISF alterations in various pathologies remains incomplete.
Novel imaging techniques are needed to visualize and quantify these changes in vivo.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive review of current neuroimaging techniques for assessing ECM and ISF dynamics in cerebrovascular disorders.
To explore the correlation between ECM composition, ISF movement, and specific cerebrovascular pathologies.
To highlight novel imaging markers and their clinical applications for disease management.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on neuroimaging techniques applied to cerebrovascular disorders.
Analysis of studies focusing on extracellular matrix (ECM) components and interstitial fluid (ISF) dynamics.
Identification and evaluation of novel imaging markers for ECM/ISF alterations.

Main Results:

Alterations in ECM composition and ISF movement patterns are associated with ischemic stroke, frontotemporal dementia, cerebral small vessel disease, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia.
Novel imaging markers specific to ECM/ISF changes show promise in differentiating these pathologies.
Neuroimaging provides valuable insights into the progression and mechanisms of cerebrovascular diseases.

Conclusions:

Neuroimaging techniques are crucial for visualizing and quantifying ECM and ISF dynamics in cerebrovascular disorders.
These techniques offer potential for early disease detection, monitoring progression, and guiding therapeutic interventions.
Further development of imaging markers for ECM/ISF alterations will enhance clinical management of cerebrovascular diseases.