Opinions and Perspectives of Canadian Occupational Therapists on Artificial Intelligence

Background: Technology is rapidly being developed to improve healthcare outcomes. However, the attitudes and perceptions of occupational therapists (OTs) on artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare are not yet known. Purpose: This study aims to: explore Canadian OTs' (a) understanding and knowledge on AI, (b) opinions and perspectives on AI, and (c) perceptions of potential benefits and risks AI might bring to occupational therapy practice in Canada. Method: A sequential explanatory mixed method approach was used to gather perspectives of Canadian registered OTs. Two hundred and eighty-two survey respondents and 15 focus group participants took part in the study. Findings: Three main themes emerged: "AI Knowledge and Implementation," "Use of AI in Occupational Therapy," and "Human vs. Machine." OTs have various levels of understanding of AI, and its capabilities within practice and are open to AI use in practice. Although ethical concerns must be addressed, OTs do not perceive AI to pose a threat to employment. Conclusion: OTs have the ability to implement and guide policy changes for technology adoption, and understanding their current perspectives creates opportunities to advocate for change in the field. Further education is needed to better prepare professionals for clinical usage of AI.