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Heartmate 3 left ventricular assist device system in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Elena Grasso1,2, Roberto Lorusso2,3, Ahmed Ibrahim4
1Department of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center- Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia.
Insights
Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) appear safe for patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, showing no significant hemolysis. Further research is needed to confirm these clinical benefits in larger patient cohorts.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Hematology
- Medical Devices
Background:
- Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a common genetic disorder.
- Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) improve outcomes in advanced heart failure.
- G6PD deficiency may increase risks associated with LVADs, such as hemolysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess hemolysis and identify associated factors in G6PD-deficient patients receiving Heartmate 3 (HM3) LVADs.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective, observational, single-center study.
- Included adult patients (>18 years) with G6PD deficiency undergoing HM3 LVAD implantation (2017-2022).
- Assessed hemolysis, in-hospital outcomes, and follow-up data.
Main Results:
- Five adult patients with G6PD deficiency received HM3 LVADs; one had sickle cell trait.
- No major complications or fatalities during hospitalization.
- No macroscopic hemolysis observed during a mean follow-up of 30.4 months.
Conclusions:
- LVADs appear safe and offer clinical benefits for G6PD-deficient patients.
- Limited sample size necessitates larger studies for confirmation.
- Further research needed on long-term interactions between G6PD deficiency and LVADs.
Abstract:
BackgroundGlucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a genetic enzymatic disorder that affects millions of people worldwide and characterized by hemolysis under oxidative stress. Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have substantially enhanced survival and quality of life for individuals with advanced heart failure. However, their use is associated with the risk of hemolysis, thrombosis, and embolic events. These risks may be heightened in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Given the limited published research on this subject, the primary objective of this study was to assess the degree of hemolysis and identify associated factors in adult patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency who underwent Heartmate 3 (HM3) left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation.MethodsThis retrospective, observational, single-center study was conducted on adult (>18 years of age) patients with G6PD deficiency, who underwent LVAD implantation using the HM3 LVAD between 2017 and 2022. Hemolysis-related investigation and findings as well as in-hospital outcome were assessed.ResultsLeft ventricular assist devices (LVADs) were successfully implanted in five adult patients with G6PD deficiency, including one individual with associated sickle cell trait (SCT). There were no major complications or fatalities during the hospitalization period. The average follow-up duration was 30 months (mean 30.4 ± 13). During the follow-up period, two patients died, two LVADs were explanted, and one patient received a heart transplant. No instances of macroscopic hemolysis were observed throughout the follow-up period.ConclusionsWhile our study was limited in size, LVADs seem safe for G6PD-deficient patients and offer significant clinical benefits. Larger studies are needed to confirm this and assess long-term interactions.
