A dentin hypersensitivity treatment using photothermal mineralizing nanoparticles

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a prevalent oral condition characterized by sharp, transient pain due to exposed dentin tubules. Current treatments, such as adhesives and desensitizing agents, often provide only temporary relief and are limited by wear and degradation. This study investigated an innovative approach combining cerium-doped bioactive glass (Ce-BG) nanoparticles with near-infrared (NIR) laser photothermal therapy to enhance dentin tubule occlusion.

Ce-BG nanoparticles were synthesized via a precipitation method, and comprehensive characterization of their phase composition, particles size, surface potential, morphology, photothermal properties, ions release profiles, and cytocompatibility. The ability of Ce-BG nanoparticles, combined with NIR laser treatment, to occlude dentin tubules was then evaluated.

The synthesized Ce-BG nanoparticles, characterized by an amorphous structure, uniform nanoscale size, and stable zeta potential, efficiently converted NIR laser energy into localized heat, thereby inducing collagen denaturation and collapse within dentin tubules. The 5Ce-BG formulation exhibited superior tubule sealing, mineralization, and durability, achieving a 97 % occlusion rate after 14 days, significantly outperforming conventional bioactive glass. Additionally, the nanoparticles were biocompatible and exhibited potential antioxidant properties.

The synergistic combination of Ce-BG nanoparticles and laser-based therapy presented a promising strategy for achieving durable and effective long-term relief from DH, addressing the limitations of current treatments while ensuring patient safety and treatment durability.

The integration of cerium-doped bioactive glass nanoparticles with near-infrared laser therapy offers a novel, durable solution for dentin hypersensitivity. This approach provides superior dentin tubule occlusion, enhanced mineralization, and long-term relief while maintaining biocompatibility. It addresses limitations of current treatments, potentially improving patient outcomes and satisfaction in managing dentin hypersensitivity.