[A case of bilateral ureteral triplication]

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Congenital Anomalies
• Pediatric Nephrology

Background:

• Ureteral triplication is a rare congenital anomaly, significantly less common than ureteral duplication.
• Bilateral ureteral triplications represent an even rarer subset of this anomaly, posing diagnostic and clinical challenges.

Observation:

• A five-year-old female presented with microscopic hematuria, urinary tract infections, fever, and abdominal pain.
• Excretory urography (IVP) revealed bilateral ureteral triplication with three pelves and ureters on each side.
• Cystoscopy confirmed the presence of two ureteral orifices on each side, consistent with bilateral triplication, classified as Type B.

Findings:

• This case represents one of only three reported instances of bilateral ureteral triplication worldwide.
• The patient's presentation underscores the potential clinical manifestations associated with this rare anomaly.
• The classification of the anomaly according to Smith's system provides a standardized descriptor for this specific case.

Implications:

• This case contributes to the limited literature on bilateral ureteral triplication, enhancing understanding of its occurrence.
• Further research into the embryological development and long-term management of ureteral triplication is warranted.
• Accurate diagnosis and classification are crucial for appropriate clinical management and prognosis in pediatric urological anomalies.