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Mechanical Characteristics of Steel

Mechanical Characteristics of Steel

The mechanical characteristics of steel are assessed through various tests that evaluate its strength, toughness, and flexibility. These tests include tension, torsion, impact, bending, and hardness assessments, each providing crucial information about steel's suitability for specific applications.
The tension test is fundamental for determining tensile strength. In this test, a steel specimen is stretched using a gripping device until it breaks. The data collected during this test are used to...

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Performance of Laser-Clad Transition Layers on H13 Steel.

Junbo Zhang¹, Bing Du¹, Fuzhen Sun¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Advanced Forming Technology and Equipment, China Academy of Machinery, Science & Technology, Beijing 100044, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

|April 24, 2025

Summary

Inconel 718 is the best transition layer for laser cladding CoCrFeNiAl high-entropy alloy on H13 steel, preventing cracks and improving performance under stress. This finding enhances material durability for hot-work die applications.

Keywords:

H13 steel interfacial bonding laser cladding nickel-based alloys transition layer

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Published on: March 13, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Metallurgy
Surface Engineering

Background:

Laser cladding of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) like CoCrFeNiAl onto H13 hot-work die steel is prone to crack formation.
Selecting appropriate transition layer materials is crucial for mitigating interfacial issues and ensuring coating integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effectiveness of five nickel-based alloys as transition layers between CoCrFeNiAl HEA and H13 steel.
To identify the optimal transition layer material that prevents crack formation and enhances mechanical performance.

Main Methods:

Laser cladding of CoCrFeNiAl HEA onto H13 steel with five different nickel-based transition layers (Inconel 718, Inconel 625, Hastelloy X, FGH4096, FGH4169).
Mechanical testing including three-point bending and hot tensile tests to assess performance under various stress conditions.

Main Results:

FGH4096 and FGH4169 transition layers showed insufficient diffusion and weak bonding, leading to failure.
Inconel 625 and Hastelloy X exhibited cracks at the coating-substrate interface.
Inconel 718 demonstrated superior performance, with no cracks in bending tests and high yield strength in hot tensile tests, indicating excellent stress resistance and interfacial bonding.

Conclusions:

Inconel 718 effectively enhances the bonding force between the CoCrFeNiAl coating and H13 steel substrate.
Inconel 718 significantly improves the material's performance under bending and hot tensile stress, making it the optimal transition layer material for this application.