Multisystem immune-related adverse reactions with immune checkpoint inhibitors

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunology

Background:

• Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, offering durable responses in advanced malignancies.
• However, ICIs can induce immune-related adverse reactions (irAEs) affecting various organ systems.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe a case of multisystem irAEs following combined ipilimumab and nivolumab therapy.
• To highlight the importance of recognizing and managing complex irAEs in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a patient with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.
• Treatment with combined ipilimumab and nivolumab.

Main Results:

• The patient developed toxicities affecting multiple organ systems shortly after ICI treatment.
• Multisystem irAEs, though less common than single-organ toxicities, can occur with ICI therapy.

Conclusions:

• Multisystem immune-related adverse reactions are possible with combined ipilimumab and nivolumab.
• Timely diagnosis and management by clinicians can lead to improved patient outcomes in cases of ICI-induced toxicity.