Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm Presenting With Bruise-Like Macules: Case Report and Literature Review

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and aggressive malignancy characterized by a high frequency of cutaneous lesions at diagnosis. We report a 16-year-old female with BPDCN presenting with bruise-like macules over her face, trunk, and extremities, without evidence of other organ involvement, and review six similar cases. Pediatric BPDCN typically has a more favorable prognosis compared to adult cases. However, bruise-like lesions pose greater diagnostic challenges than other clinical presentations, such as solitary nodules, which can delay accurate diagnosis and timely treatment. Therefore, an initial diagnostic skin biopsy is valuable for early clinical and pathological evaluation, as it can support timely intervention and improve the likelihood of achieving complete biological remission.