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Differences in Language Impairment Between Developmental Language Disorder and Autism: Insights From Mandarin ba and
Chaowei Nie1, Yi Esther Su1, Stephanie Durrleman2
1Child Language Lab, School of Foreign Languages, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Autism & Developmental Language Impairments
|June 11, 2025
Summary
Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and autism plus language impairment (ALI) show distinct syntactic errors, suggesting they are not the same disorder. Tailored interventions are needed for each group.
Area of Science:
- Linguistics
- Developmental Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
Background:
- Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) share language deficits.
- The overlap in syntactic difficulties between DLD and Autism plus Language Impairment (ALI), an ASD subtype, is debated.
- This study investigates shared syntactic vulnerabilities in children with DLD and ALI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the syntactic profiles of children with DLD and ALI.
- To explore overlapping syntactic difficulties between DLD and ALI.
- To identify distinct error patterns in complex syntactic structures between DLD and ALI.
Main Methods:
- Investigated comprehension and production of Mandarin ba and bei constructions.
- Compared 18 children with DLD and 17 children with ALI to 24 typically developing peers.
- Participants were matched on chronological age (mean age = 5 years, 4 months).
Main Results:
- Children with DLD produced more ungrammatical responses and simple sentences than ALI.
- Children with ALI made more pragmatically inappropriate responses than DLD.
- DLD syntactic performance correlated with nonverbal working memory; ALI did not.
Conclusions:
- DLD and ALI are distinct language disorders, not a continuum, despite similar performance accuracy.
- Syntactic error patterns differ significantly between DLD and ALI.
- Interventions for DLD and ALI should be tailored to their specific linguistic and cognitive profiles.
Keywords:
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