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Climate Change, Natural Disasters, and Cutaneous Fungal Infections
Aditya K Gupta1,2, Mary Thornbush2,3, Tong Wang2
1Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
International Journal of Dermatology
|June 13, 2025
Summary
Climate change is increasing fungal pathogen risks, leading to more cutaneous fungal infections after natural disasters. This necessitates a One Health approach to address evolving dermatological challenges.
Area of Science:
- Environmental science
- Mycology
- Public health
Background:
- Fungal infections cause significant morbidity and mortality, with diagnostic challenges and emerging multi-drug resistance.
- Environmental changes, including global warming and natural disasters, create new niches for fungal pathogen proliferation.
- Cutaneous fungal infections are increasingly reported following natural disasters, posing risks beyond typical tinea.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review reported cases of cutaneous fungal infections after natural disasters.
- To explore the impact of climate change on fungal pathogen adaptation and emergence.
- To advocate for a One Health framework to manage climate-sensitive dermatological issues.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of literature on cutaneous fungal infections post-natural disasters.
- Analysis of environmental factors influencing fungal pathogen proliferation and adaptation.
- Examination of clinical presentations and treatment challenges of opportunistic fungal infections.
Main Results:
- Natural disasters facilitate the spread of fungal pathogens into new geographical areas.
- Elevated environmental fungal levels post-disaster increase risks of both typical and opportunistic infections.
- Atypical presentations of trauma-related fungal infections can delay diagnosis and treatment, leading to resistance and complications.
Conclusions:
- Climate change is a significant factor in the adaptation and emergence of fungal pathogens.
- Increased incidence of cutaneous fungal infections post-disaster highlights public health risks.
- A One Health approach is crucial for addressing the complex interplay between climate, fungal pathogens, and human health.
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