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Related Concept Videos

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

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The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase...
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Cardiac action potentials are essential for proper heart function, enabling the rhythmic contractions needed for adequate blood circulation. Nodal cells and Purkinje fibers, specialized for electrical conduction, generate these action potentials.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Simultaneous Electrical and Mechanical Stimulation to Enhance Cells' Cardiomyogenic Potential
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Simultaneous Electrical and Mechanical Stimulation to Enhance Cells' Cardiomyogenic Potential

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Short-Term Electrical Stimulation Impacts Cardiac Cell Structure and Function.

Kristen Allen1, Natalie Pachter1, Abigail Bandl1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, USA.

Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
|June 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Short-term electrical stimulation (ES) promotes early maturation in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs). This custom bioreactor shows potential for cardiac tissue engineering by improving iPSC-CM maturation and cardiac fibroblast alignment.

Keywords:
cardiomyocytescontractilityelectrical stimulationin vitro modelinginduced pluripotent stem cellmaturation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) are vital for modeling cardiac development and disease.
  • Maturation of iPSC-CMs requires mimicking the heart's complex environment, often using electrical stimulation (ES).
  • Previous studies show variable iPSC-CM maturation results based on ES parameters, creating uncertainty in optimal stimulation protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a low-cost, custom bioreactor for tunable electrical stimulation (ES) of 2D cell cultures.
  • To investigate the timeline of early maturation signs in iPSC-CMs following short-term ES.
  • To assess the bioreactor's capacity to stimulate cardiac fibroblasts (cFBs) and induce cell alignment.

Main Methods:

  • Designed and implemented a custom bioreactor for controlled, tunable ES delivery to 2D cell monolayers.
  • Exposed iPSC-CMs and cFBs to short-term ES.
  • Analyzed changes in iPSC-CM contractility and protein expression.
  • Evaluated cFB alignment post-stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Stimulated iPSC-CMs exhibited early signs of maturation compared to non-stimulated controls after short-term ES.
  • Changes in contractility and protein expression indicated cellular rearrangement and partial maturation in ES-treated iPSC-CMs.
  • The bioreactor demonstrated potential for inducing alignment in cardiac fibroblasts (cFBs).

Conclusions:

  • Short-term ES via the custom bioreactor can induce measurable early maturation in iPSC-CMs within 3-4 days.
  • The bioreactor facilitates integration into standard cell culture platforms for cardiac research.
  • This technology holds promise for advancing cardiac tissue engineering by promoting iPSC-CM maturation and cell alignment.