Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

1.2K
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
1.2K
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals01:17

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals

2.7K
Ideally, an unpaired electron shows a single peak in the EPR spectrum due to the transition between the two spin energy states. However, coupling interactions can occur between the spins of the unpaired electron and any neighboring spin-active nuclei. This hyperfine coupling results in hyperfine splitting, where the EPR signal is split into multiplets. The signals split into 2nI + 1 peaks, where n is the number of equivalent nuclei and I is the nuclear spin. These splitting patterns provide...
2.7K
Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule01:10

Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule

1.5K
In the AX proton spin system, proton A can sense the two spin states of a coupled proton X, resulting in a doublet NMR signal with two peaks of equal (1:1) intensity. When proton A is coupled to two equivalent protons (AX2 spin system), the spin states of each X can be aligned with or against the external field, creating three possible scenarios. This results in a 1:2:1  triplet signal, where the central peak corresponds to the chemical shift of A and is twice as large or intense as the...
1.5K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.2K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.2K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

728
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
728
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

1.0K
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
1.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Polaron-Induced Midgap States in Ovonic Threshold Switching Material for 3D Phase-Change Memory Applications.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Ultrafast Modulation of Stacking Orders in vdW Layers by Photoinduced Pseudosliding of Ferroelectric Monolayer.

Nano letters·2025
Same author

Synergistic effects of charge transfer, energy transfer and cavity interference on the exciton emission in WS<sub>2</sub>/hBN/WS<sub>2</sub> heterostructures.

Nanoscale·2025
Same author

Correlated fermionic-bosonic insulating states in twisted hetero-trilayer semiconductors.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Vacancy Defects in 2D Ferroelectric In<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> and the Conductivity Modulation by Polarization-Defect Coupling.

Nano letters·2025
Same author

Atomic Pathways of Crystal-to-Crystal Transitions and Electronic Origins of Resistive Switching in MnTe for Ultralow-Power Memory.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same journal

Correction to "Living Therapeutic Microneedles Integrated with Built-In Metabolic Engines for Autonomous Diabetic Wound Management".

Nano letters·2026
Same journal

Chiral Quasi-Bound States in the Continuum on the Verge of the Light Cone.

Nano letters·2026
Same journal

Scalable Atomically Interfaced Heterostructure Photoelectrodes for Broadband Solar Energy Harvesting and Stable Li-Ion Storage.

Nano letters·2026
Same journal

Bulk and Surface Excitons in the van der Waals Magnet CrSBr: Magneto-Optical Studies to 55 T.

Nano letters·2026
Same journal

High-Entropy Alloy Nanomaterials with Well-Designed Nanostructures for Electrocatalytic Applications.

Nano letters·2026
Same journal

Symmetrical Tetravalent Aptamer-Protein Conjugate with Ultrahigh <i>In Vivo</i> Stability for Targeted Cancer Imaging and Therapy.

Nano letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

10.1K

Pure Out-of-Plane Spin Polarization Induced by Rashba-Type Splitting.

Panfeng Cao1, Sheng-Yi Xie1, Xian-Bin Li2

  • 1School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.

Nano Letters
|June 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered pure out-of-plane spin currents in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). This breakthrough in spintronics could enable advanced memory and logic devices without external magnetic fields.

Keywords:
Berry curvaturedensity functional theoryin-plane symmetry breakingout-of-plane Rashba-type spin splittingtransition metal dichalcogenides

More Related Videos

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

8.6K
Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials
06:05

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials

Published on: January 15, 2014

7.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

10.1K
A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

8.6K
Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials
06:05

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials

Published on: January 15, 2014

7.0K

Area of Science:

  • Spintronics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Generating out-of-plane polarized spin currents is a major hurdle in field-free spintronics.
  • Conventional Rashba-type spin splitting produces in-plane spin currents, hindering perpendicular magnetic memory and logic device development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically predict and investigate the emergence of pure out-of-plane Rashba-type spin splitting.
  • To explore the potential of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) for novel spintronic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing first-principles calculations to model electronic and spin properties.
  • Analyzing the role of momentum-dependent effective magnetic fields.
  • Investigating the impact of Berry curvature on spin polarization.

Main Results:

  • Predicted the existence of pure out-of-plane Rashba-type spin splitting in monolayer TMDs.
  • Demonstrated that the effective magnetic field dictates spin polarization direction and splitting.
  • Identified nonzero Berry curvature as a key factor for generating out-of-plane spin currents.

Conclusions:

  • Monolayer TMDs offer a promising platform for generating purely out-of-plane polarized spin currents.
  • This finding could pave the way for advanced spintronic devices.
  • The phenomenon may be applicable to other materials lacking in-plane symmetry.